
A | 选购牛肉,这几点要注意(有问有答) 近年来,牛肉消费需求持续增长,市面上冰鲜、冷冻、热鲜牛肉品类繁多。 The devastation and tragedies brought by nuclear weapons should never repeat themselves, and the lessons of Japanese militarism's aggression and expansion must forever serve as an alarm, a Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson said Thursday. Spokesperson Lin Jian made the remarks when answering a query regarding the 81st anniversary of the atomic bombing of Japan's Hiroshima, adding the Japanese side needs to face up to the concerns of the international community, and earnestly fulfill its nuclear non-proliferation obligations under international law. On Aug. 6, 1945, the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, accelerating the end of World War II. 81 years on, right-wing forces in Japan are gearing up to revive militarism. The Japanese authorities are rebuilding Japan's war machine, seeking to revise the three non-nuclear principles, and pursuing nuclear sharing with the U.S. side, even the possession of nuclear weapons. The particular context of the nuclear explosions should all the more be remembered, Lin said, adding that right-wing forces in Japan have long been distorting historical facts, politically exploiting the nation's identity as a nuclear bombing victim for sympathy and deliberately downplaying Japan's invasion that killed and wounded tens of millions of people in Japan's neighboring countries, in an attempt to escape accountability for the war. "More ironically, the Japanese authorities have been beefing up military buildup, seeking enhanced nuclear protection from the United States, and attempting to break free from the three non-nuclear principles," said Lin. He pointed out that a senior official at the Prime Minister's Office even clamored for Japan's independent nuclear armament, without even hiding the ambition for remilitarization. This is a provocation to all peace-loving people in the world and reveals their contempt for historical justice, Lin said. "This year marks the 80th anniversary of the start of the Tokyo Trials. The jury of history is still out and demands reverence from Japan," Lin said, adding the Japanese side should not once again stand before the court of history.
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B | 不少消费者因不了解3种牛肉的加工工艺区别、看不懂产品包装标签,选购时容易走入误区。 针对这些消费疑问,记者采访了浙江省农科院畜牧兽医研究所研究员蒋永清,结合肉类国家标准答疑解惑。

C | 冷鲜牛肉是商超主流销售品类。牛屠宰后立即进入0至4摄氏度恒温冷链,经过12小时以上低温排酸解僵,之后可分为普通覆膜、真空、气调锁鲜包装,保鲜周期为3至14天。 冷冻牛肉则是将分割好的牛肉送入速冻库或急冻间,在48小时内,使牛肉中心温度降至零下15摄氏度到零下18摄氏度,并在零下18摄氏度以下保存,保质期可达12个月,适合家庭批量储备。 热鲜牛肉则是牛屠宰后2至6小时直接上市流通,全程不进行低温排酸处理,多在农贸市场现场分割售卖。 蒋永清表示,3类牛肉的主要差异在于屠宰后的温控处理,蛋白质、矿物质等核心营养差别不大,主要区别体现在口感嫩度、汁水留存等层面。 热鲜牛肉原生肉香浓郁,但屠宰后12至24小时肌肉进入僵直高峰期,肉质偏硬,适合薄片涮煮,且常温售卖易滋生微生物,必须当日食用完毕。

D | 冷鲜牛肉经低温排酸软化肌纤维,肉质细嫩多汁,低温环境有效抑制细菌繁殖,适配煎、炒、炖、烤等多种烹饪方式,仅有少量风味物质轻微转化。

E | 选购时如何查看标签,怎样挑选性价比更高的产品? 蒋永清表示,产品标签是辨别牛肉品质的重要依据,不同品类查验重点各有区分。选购冷鲜牛肉,务必查看包装印制的动物检疫合格证明、肉品品质检验合格证,真空、气调标识代表长效保鲜。选购热鲜牛肉,查看摊位公示的当日检疫单据,优先挑选表面干爽、无大量渗水的牛肉,渗水严重的多为翻新冻肉冒充。

F | 选购冷冻牛肉,认准包装“极速冷冻”标识,标准储存温度不高于零下18摄氏度,优先选择独立小包装产品。 后续储存、解冻存在哪些常见误区,如何减少食材损耗? 蒋永清说,牛肉口感变差,根源在于储存和解冻方式不当。

G | 冷鲜牛肉应存放于0至4摄氏度冷藏柜,建议3天内吃完;冷冻牛肉应按单次食用量分袋密封存放,避免频繁解冻。最优解冻方式为冰箱冷藏缓化,汁水流失最少;紧急情况可密封冷水浸泡,定时换水。切勿用热水直接解冻,高温会让蛋白质快速变性,肉质干柴,加速营养流失。 本报记者 刘军国 《人民日报》(2026年08月10日 第 10 版)。
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